verbs-affixes

Divvun & Giellatekno - open source grammars for Sámi and other languages

Verb conjugation

Basic lexica for bisyllabic verbs

Modals

These are treated separately because modals do not participate in derivation

  • LEXICON GALGA_IV only dáidit, galgat
  • LEXICON FERTE_IV only fertet and bállet

Ordinary bisyllabic verbs

  • LEXICON DIEHTI_TV Bisyllabic i-verbs with Personal Passive
  • LEXICON BORRA_TV Bisyllabic a- and u-verbs with Personal Passive
  • LEXICON BOAHTI_IV Bisyllabic i-verbs without Personal Passive but with Der/NomAg
  • LEXICON DIEVVA_IV Bisyllabic a- and u-verbs without Personal Passive but with Der/NomAg

Bisyllabic verbs

  • LEXICON DEAKCU_TV as BORRA for u-verbs with dim -astit, and a-verbs with dim -istit that are hardcoded
  • LEXICON BOAZZU_IV as DIEVVA_IV for u-verbs with dim -astit, and a-verbs with dim -istit that are hardcoded
  • LEXICON BINDU_IV as DIEVVA (but without short passive) for u-verbs with dim -astit, that are hardcoded
  • LEXICON DAHTU_TV As diehti, but -ut verbs, thus without short passive
  • LEXICON BOLTU_TV As DAHTU_TV but with dim -astit that are harcoded
  • LEXICON ALLU_IV -ut verbs, thus without short passive
  • LEXICON DIEHTALADDA_TV Already derived words (except words ending -uššat and -httit) - no deverbal verbs
  • LEXICON LAIGOHADDA_TV láigohaddat. No deverbal nouns for speller reasons. No +Imprt+Pl2: láigohaddit
  • LEXICON HAHTTIT_TV Four-syll kausatives on -httit
  • LEXICON BOAHTALADDA_IV Already derived words (except words ending -uššat)
  • LEXICON RAIMMAHALLA_IV passives on -hallat and INCHOATIVES on -stuvvat
  • LEXICON UVVA_IV passives -uvvat
  • LEXICON SMUVVA_IV passives -snuvvat, -smuvvat
  • LEXICON DOAROSTUVVA_TV INCHOATIVES on -stuvvat
  • LEXICON MAHTALADDA_TV Bisyllabic Already derived words (except words ending -uššat) without Personal Passive but with Acc obj
  • LEXICON ARVI_IV Bisyllabic Impersonal Verbs
  • LEXICON ARVALADDA_IV Already derived words (except words ending -uššat)
  • LEXICON MASSI_TV No Der/NomAg (for speller reasons). Bisyllabic i-verbs with Personal Passive. Otherwise like DIEHTI_TV
  • LEXICON VALDI_TV No Der/NomAg (for speller reasons). Bisyllabic i-verbs with Personal Passive. No VGen. Otherwise like DIEHTI_TV
  • LEXICON ASTA_TV No Der/NomAg (for speller reasons). Bisyllabic a- and u-verbs with Personal Passive. Otherwise like BORRA_TV
  • LEXICON BORGI_IV Bisyllabic i-verbs without Personal Passive but without Der/NomAg. No Der/NomAg for speller reasons. Otherwise like BOAHTI_IV
  • LEXICON BEALLJA_IV No Der/NomAg for speller reasons. Bisyllabic a- and u-verbs without Personal Passive but without Der/NomAg. Otherwise like DIEVVA_IV
  • LEXICON DAVGU_TV As DAHTU_TV, No Der/NomAg for speller reasons.
  • LEXICON LEABBU_TV No Der/NomAg (for speller reasons)- otherwise like DEAKCU_TV
  • LEXICON ALBMU_TV No Der/NomAg (for speller reasons). As BOLTU_TV otherwise
  • LEXICON BARGU_IV no Der/NomAg for speller reasons- Like ALLU_IV
  • LEXICON BORSU_IV as BINDU. No Der/NomAg
  • LEXICON MUHTTI_TV No deverbal nouns an ACTIO(for speller reasons). Bisyllabic i-verbs with Personal Passive
  • LEXICON BEAHTTI_TV Bisyllabic i-verbs with Personal Passive, no Der/alla, no Der/adda, Der/halla (beahtáhallat, báinnáhallat) for speller
  • LEXICON FAHTE_TV Contracted Verbs with Personal Passive, no Der/alla, no Der/adda, Der/halla (fáhtehallin) for speller
  • LEXICON GILVI_TV only gilvit, to get rid of gilvohallat (for speller reasons).
  • LEXICON FAHTI_TV (for speller reasons). no fáhttet (fáhtit+V+TV+Imprt+Pl2) because it get mixed up with fáhtet. No deverbal nouns.
  • LEXICON DAHKA_TV Like BORRA_TV, but without dahkat+V+TV+Imprt+Sg1, to get rid of dahkon (for speller reasons)
  • LEXICON FALLA_TV fállat, njoarrat, to get rid of fálastallat, njoarastallat (for speller reasons).
  • LEXICON OAHPPA_TV only oahppat. Like BORRA but without Deverbal verb -stuvva (for speller reasons)
  • LEXICON AKTI_IV Bisyllabic i-verbs without Personal Passive but with Der/NomAg - for speller reasons, to prevent:
  • LEXICON GUHKKA_IV No Imprt+Pl2 on -it, no Imprt+ConNegII and No +Der/NomAg for speller reasons. No Deverbal Verbs either. Bisyllabic a- and u-verbs without Personal Passive
  • LEXICON BARDNA_IV "bárdnat" ----> potensialis removed; bártnažan, bártnažat, bártnaš, bártnaža. No Der/NomAg for speller reasons. Bisyllabic a- and u-verbs without Personal Passive but without Der/NomAg. Otherwise like DIEVVA_IV
  • LEXICON DIEHTISHORT_TV Short action noun compound-form: neasken-
  • LEXICON DIEHTILONGSHORT_TV Long and short action noun compound-form, savdnjen-/savdnjin-
  • LEXICON BAHCCI_TV bahčit. Long and short actio compound-form. No NomAg (Actor) compound, for speller reasons
  • LEXICON BOAHTILONGSHORT_IV Long and short action noun compound-form
  • LEXICON MAHTI_TV Bisyllabic Verbs without Personal Passive but with Acc obj.

Intermediate lexica for even-syllable verbs

  • LEXICON GOAHTICnj for speller reasons to hinder -goahttit, whick is confused with infinitive -goahtit
  • LEXICON RAIMMAHALLACnj restricted imperatives

Basic lexica for contracted verbs

  • LEXICON GILLE_IV Contracted Verbs without Personal Passive
  • LEXICON DOHPPE_TV Contracted Verbs with Personal Passive

BAsic lexica for Contracted verbs

  • LEXICON CIRRO_IV Inchoatives and essives on -á, -o, -e without Personal Passive
  • LEXICON MUITA_TV Inchoatives and essives on -á, -o, -e with Personal Passive
  • LEXICON COHKKA_IV Contracted Verbs without Personal Passive - no stit-deverbal
  • LEXICON GARRE_TV garret, loget. with Personal Passive. for speller to hinder garrenávnnas, garrenoaivi etc
  • LEXICON ORRO_IV orrot. for speller to hinder orronsadji etc
  • LEXICON MAHTA_TV Contracted Verbs without Personal Passive but with Acc obj.

Basic lexica for trisyllabic verbs

  • LEXICON MUITAL_TV Trisyllabic Verbs with Personal Passive
  • LEXICON ALIST_IV Trisyllabic Verbs without Personal Passive

Basic lexica for trisyllabic verbs

  • LEXICON COASKKIT_IV Trisyllabic impersonals
  • LEXICON ARVVASJ_IV impersonals ending -šit, -skit, smit, -idit, -ldit, -git and 5-syllables
  • LEXICON ARVIL_IV Impersonal Trisyllabic Verbs ending -lit
  • LEXICON MUITTASJ_TV Words ending -šit, -skit, -ldit - Reciprocals on -dit, Momentatives on -dit, -ádit, -ihit, -e7hit, Frequentatives on -(u)hit, Continuatives on -nit, Inchoatives on -nit
  • LEXICON HALIID_TV Words ending -smit, -idit, -git
  • LEXICON BONJAT_TV Cont/Freq on -dit, Continuatives on -(u)hit, Reciprocals, momentatives and frequentatives ending -alit
  • LEXICON VUORDIL_TV Trisyllabic Verbs ending -lit, -rit with Personal Passive
  • LEXICON BEAGASJ_IV Words ending -šit, -skit -ldit, essive derivates on -hit -. !Reciprocals on -dit. Momentatives on -dit, -ádit, -ihit, -e7hit. Frequentatives on -(u)hit. Continuatives on -nit. Inchoatives in -nit
  • LEXICON JORGGIID_IV Words ending -smit, -idit, -git -
  • LEXICON HURAI_IV Words ending -aidit
  • LEXICON BALAT_IV

Cont/Freq on -dit, Continuatives on -(u)hit, Reciprocals, momentatives and frequentatives ending -alit

  • LEXICON SUOTNJAL_IV Trisyllabic Verbs ending -lit, -rit without Personal Passive
  • LEXICON BOTNJAS_IV Trisyllabic Verbs ending -sit without Personal Passive
  • LEXICON LASSAN_IV Trisyllabic Verbs ending -nit without Personal Passive IV
  • LEXICON OAHPAHIT_TV only oahpahit, disamb reasons?
  • LEXICON NUOSKIT_IV only nuoskidit, for speller, no action noun nuoskideapmi
  • LEXICON LAHKAN_TV lahkanit, lahkonit, are nowadays used transitively
  • LEXICON GEAGAT_TV Trisyllabic Verbs without Personal Passive but with Acc obj.
  • LEXICON BUOVVAL_TV buovvalit, guoigalit. Trisyllabic Verbs ending -lit without Personal Passive but with Acc obj.
  • LEXICON MUITALCnj Substems for Consonantal Verb Stems
  • LEXICON HURAICnj Substems for Words ending -aidit

Finite declension

Present tense

Vocalic stems

  • LEXICON PotPrsV Present Tense in Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsV Present Tense in Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsV1 Present Tense Endings for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsV2 Present Tense Endings for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsV3 Present Tense Endings for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsV4 Present Tense Endings for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsV5 Present Tense Endings for Vocalic Verb Stems

Consonantal stems

  • LEXICON PotC Present Tense in Consonantal Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsC Present Tense in Consonantal Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsC1 Present Tense in Contr/Non-Contr Consonantal Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PotC2 Potential in Non-Contracted Consonantal Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrsC2 Present Tense in Non-Contracted Consonantal Verb Stems

Past tense

Vocalic stems

  • LEXICON PrtV Preterite Endings for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrtV1 Preterite Endings for Vocalic Weak Grade Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrtV2 Preterite Endings for Vocalic Strong Grade Verb Stems

Consonantal stems

  • LEXICON PrtC Preterite Endings for Consonantal Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrtC1 Preterite Endings for Consonantal Contr./Non-Contr. Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrtC2 Preterite Endings for Consonantal Non-Contr. Verb Stems
  • LEXICON PrtC3 Preterite Endings for Consonantal Contr./Non-Contr. Verb Stems

Imperative mood

  • LEXICON ImprtVA Imperative Forms for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON ImprtVB Imperative Forms for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON ImprtV1 Imperative Forms for Vocalic Verb Stems
  • LEXICON ImprtV2 Imperative Forms for Vocalic Verb Stems and Substems
  • LEXICON ImprtSg2 Imperative Forms For Consonantal and Contracted Verb Stems
  • LEXICON ImprtC Imperative Substems for Consonantal Verb Stems - uneven syll.
  • LEXICON ImprtC2 Imperative Substems for Consonantal Verb Stems - contracts

Infinite forms

V- and C-final

  • LEXICON NominalFormsV Vowel-final stems

Continuation lex

  • LEXICON NominalFormsVC for vowel final
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV1 infinitiv, actio
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV2 gerund, verbgenitiv, verbabessive
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV3 ^NG^ gerund
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV4 perfect participe, preterite negation form
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV5 negation form
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV6 presence participe
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV8 gerund, verbabessive
  • LEXICON NominalFormsV9 supine
  • LEXICON NominalFormsC1 for cons final stems: infinitive, supine, actio, gerund, perfect participe, preterite negation form
  • LEXICON NominalFormsC2 for cons final stems: presence participe

Derivation

  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsC
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsCTV
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsBOAHTI
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsRAIMMAHALLA no NomAg/actor
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsBOAHTALADDA
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsDIEHTALADDA
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsDIEHTI
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsDIEHTISHORT
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsDIEHTILONGSHORT
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsBAHCCI
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsDOHPPE-
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsGARRE-
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsCIRRO-
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsORRO-
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsCIRROTV-
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsDOHPPEJ
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsDOHPPEJTV
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsMUITALTV
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsMUITTASJTV
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsMUITAL
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsNUOSKIT
  • LEXICON DeverbalNounsMUITTASJ
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsBOAHTI
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsDIEVVA
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsBINDU
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsBORRA
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsFALLA
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsBOLTU
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsDIEHTI
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsBEAHTTI
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsARVI
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsDOHPPE
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsFAHTE
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsGILLE
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsCOHKKA
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsBORGE
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsMUITAL
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsVUORDIL
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsALIST
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsSUOTNJAL
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsBOTNJAS
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsLASSAN
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsCOASKKIT
  • LEXICON DeverbalVerbsARVIL
  • LEXICON VGEN flag for VGen