verbs-affixes
Plains Cree verb morphology
The Plains Cree verbs are divided in four groups:
- AI: Animate intransitive
- II: Inanimate intransitive
- TA: Transitive animate
- TI: Transitive inanimate
Prefixes
LEXICON VerbPrefixes divides the lexicon into four modes: independent, conjunctive, imperative and future conditional
- @U.order.indep@ INDEPENDENT ;
- @U.order.cnj@ CONJUNCT ;
- IMPERATIVE ;
- FUTURE_CONDITIONAL ;
LEXICON INDEPENDENT gives flags and prefixes for personprefix
LEXICON IND_TENSE gives flags and prefixes for tense
LEXICON FUTURE_CONDITIONAL gives flags for future conditional (no prefix)
LEXICON CONJUNCT gives flag for conjunctive and prefix ê-, kâ-, kâki-
LEXICON CNJ_TENSE gives prefixes and flags for tense in conjunctive
LEXICON IMPERATIVE gives flag for imperative (no prefixes)
Words marked GG are from Plains Cree Grammar guide and glossary
Preverbs
LEXICON PREVERBS just adds the prefix boundary
Now, lexc directs us to the ../stems/verbs.lexc file,
Suffixes
fst:
LEXICON TACONJ_3
LEXICON TACONJ_4
Intransitive inanimate (II)
LEXICON VIIw
LEXICON VIIw_SG
LEXICON VIIw_PL
LEXICON VIIn
LEXICON VIIn_SG
LEXICON VIIn_PL
LEXICON VIIw_ORDER
LEXICON VIIw_SG_ORDER singular only
LEXICON VIIw_PL_ORDER plural only
LEXICON VIIn_ORDER
LEXICON VIIn_SG_ORDER singular only
LEXICON VIIn_PL_ORDER plural only
LEXICON VIIw_SG_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIw_SG_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIw_PL_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIw_PL_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIn_SG_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIn_SG_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIn_PL_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIn_PL_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VIIw_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VIIw_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VIIw_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VIIw_SG_IND_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIw_SG_CNJ_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIw_SG_FUT_CON_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIw_PL_IND_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIw_PL_CNJ_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIw_PL_FUT_CON_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIn_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VIIn_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VIIn_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VIIn_SG_IND_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIn_SG_CNJ_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIn_SG_FUT_CON_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIn_PL_IND_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIn_PL_CNJ_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIn_PL_FUT_CON_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VIIw_IND_NULL
LEXICON VIIw_IND_SG_SUFFIX singular
LEXICON VIIw_IND_PL_SUFFIX plural
LEXICON VIIn_IND_NULL
LEXICON VIIn_IND_SG_SUFFIX w final singular
LEXICON VIIn_IND_PL_SUFFIX w final plural
LEXICON VIIw_CNJ_NULL
LEXICON VIIw_CNJ_SG_SUFFIX singular
LEXICON VIIw_CNJ_PL_SUFFIX plural
LEXICON VIIn_CNJ_NULL
LEXICON VIIn_CNJ_SG_SUFFIX w final singular
LEXICON VIIn_CNJ_PL_SUFFIX w final plural
LEXICON VIIw_FUT_CON_NULL
LEXICON VIIw_FUT_CON_SG_SUFFIX singular
LEXICON VIIw_FUT_CON_PL_SUFFIX plural
LEXICON VIIn_FUT_CON_NULL
LEXICON VIIn_FUT_CON_SG_SUFFIX w final singular
LEXICON VIIn_FUT_CON_PL_SUFFIX w final plural
Intransitive animate (AI)
LEXICON VAIw
LEXICON VAIw_PL
LEXICON VAIn
LEXICON VAIn_PL
LEXICON VAIw_ORDER
LEXICON VAIw_PL_ORDER plural only
LEXICON VAIn_ORDER
LEXICON VAIn_PL_ORDER plural only
LEXICON VAIw_PL_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VAIw_PL_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VAIn_PL_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VAIn_PL_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VAIw_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VAIw_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VAIw_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VAIw_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VAIw_PL_IND_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIw_PL_CNJ_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIw_PL_FUT_CON_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIw_PL_IMP_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIn_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VAIn_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VAIn_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VAIn_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VAIn_PL_IND_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIn_PL_CNJ_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIn_PL_FUT_CON_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIn_PL_IMP_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VAIw_IND_NI
LEXICON VAIw_IND_NI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_IND_NI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_IND_KI
LEXICON VAIw_IND_KI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_IND_KI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_IND_NULL
LEXICON VAIw_IND_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_IND_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_IND_NI
LEXICON VAIn_IND_NI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_IND_NI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_IND_KI
LEXICON VAIn_IND_KI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_IND_KI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_IND_NULL
LEXICON VAIn_IND_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_IND_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_CNJ_NULL
LEXICON VAIw_CNJ_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_CNJ_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_CNJ_NULL
LEXICON VAIn_CNJ_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_CNJ_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_FUT_CON_NULL
LEXICON VAIw_FUT_CON_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIw_FUT_CON_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_FUT_CON_NULL
LEXICON VAIn_FUT_CON_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VAIn_FUT_CON_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
Transitive inanimate (TI)
- LEXICON VTI
- LEXICON VTI_PL Plural
- LEXICON VTIw NOTE: These inflect just as VAI -w final stems, so they are redirected to those paradigms
LEXICON VTIt_ORDER .
LEXICON VTIt_PL_ORDER plural only NOTE: imperative and fut con go straight to person lexica
LEXICON VTIt_PL_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTIt_PL_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTIt_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTIt_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTIt_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTIt_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTIt_PL_IND_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VTIt_PL_CNJ_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VTIt_PL_FUT_CON_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VTIt_PL_IMP_PERSON plural only
LEXICON VTIt_IND_NI
LEXICON VTIt_IND_NI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_IND_NI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_IND_KI
LEXICON VTIt_IND_KI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_IND_KI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_IND_NULL
LEXICON VTIt_IND_NULL_SG_SUFFIX NOTE: X actor will eventually derive to VII, so it is not yet included as per Arok's paradigm
LEXICON VTIt_IND_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_CNJ_NULL
LEXICON VTIt_CNJ_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_CNJ_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_FUT_CON_NULL
LEXICON VTIt_FUT_CON_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTIt_FUT_CON_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
Transitive inanimate (TA)
The VTA verbs split in different orders.
LEXICON TACONJ_1 Regular verbs
- LEXICON TACONJ_2 -Vw stem-ending verbs; where + i suf deletes w and i
- LEXICON TACONJ_2-PL -Vw stem-ending verbs; when deletes w and i plural only forms
- LEXICON TACONJ_3 -Cw stem-ending verbs; where w and i fuse to o
- LEXICON TACONJ_4 -t stem-ending verbs; where t becomes s in some cases
- LEXICON TACONJ_5 verbs that take a -i in 2sg imm. imp. due to moraic constraints
- LEXICON TACONJ_5-TS verbs that take a -i in 2sg imm. imp. due to moraic constraints, but also have stem final t becoming s in some cases.
LEXICON VTACONJ_WICI Regular verbs
- LEXICON VTACONJvw_WICI -Vw stem-ending verbs; where + i suf deletes w and i
- LEXICON VTACONJvw_PL_WICI -Vw stem-ending verbs; when deletes w and i plural only forms
- LEXICON VTACONJcw_WICI -Cw stem-ending verbs; where w and i fuse to o
- LEXICON VTACONJt_WICI -t stem-ending verbs; where t becomes s in some cases
- LEXICON VTACONJi_WICI verbs that take a -i in 2sg imm. imp. due to moraic constraints
- LEXICON VTACONJti_WICI verbs that take a -i in 2sg imm. imp. due to moraic constraints, but also have stem final t becoming s in some cases
LEXICON VTA_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense
LEXICON VTAvw_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense
LEXICON VTAvw_PL_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense
LEXICON VTAcw_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense
LEXICON VTAcw_PL_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense
LEXICON VTAt_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense ; Independent is same as TA regular
LEXICON VTAi_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense ; Conjugates as TA regular except in 2sg IMM IMP
LEXICON VTAti_ORDER Note: Imp and Fut Con don't take tense ; Independent is as TA regular, Imp as TAi, all else is as TAt
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAvw_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAvw_PL_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAvw_PL_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_TENSE
LEXICON VTAcw_CNJ_TENSE
LEXICON VTAcw_PL_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAcw_PL_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAt_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAt_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAi_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAi_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAti_IND_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTAti_CNJ_TENSE plural only
LEXICON VTA_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTA_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTA_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTA_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTAvw_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTAvw_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTAvw_IMP_PERSON Identical to TA IMP
LEXICON VTAvw_PL_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTAvw_PL_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTAvw_PL_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTAvw_PL_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_PL_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_PL_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_PL_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTAcw_PL_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTAt_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTAt_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTAt_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTAt_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTAi_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTAi_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTAi_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTAi_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTAti_IND_PERSON
LEXICON VTAti_CNJ_PERSON
LEXICON VTAti_FUT_CON_PERSON
LEXICON VTAti_IMP_PERSON
LEXICON VTA_IND_NI NOTE: No local, as local forms are always with ki-
LEXICON VTA_IND_NI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTA_IND_NI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTA_IND_KI
LEXICON VTA_IND_KI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTA_IND_KI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTA_IND_NULL NOTE: never local
LEXICON VTA_IND_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTA_IND_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_NI NOTE: No local, as local forms are always with ki-
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_NI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_NI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_KI
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_KI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_KI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_NULL NOTE: never local
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAvw_IND_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_NI NOTE: No local, as local forms are always with ki-
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_NI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_NI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_KI
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_KI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_KI_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_NULL NOTE: never local
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_NULL_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAcw_IND_NULL_PL_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAt_IND_KI
LEXICON VTAt_IND_KI_SG_SUFFIX
LEXICON VTAt_IND_KI_PL_SUFFIX
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