olo-phon-phonology
The Livvi (Olonets) Karelian morphophonological/twolc rules file
%{aoeInf%}:a Back vowel infinitive marker
- %{aäoeöuiy%}:ä with partitive type koivuu
- %{aäoeö%}:ä newer This is for diphthongs such as the infinitive marker after i and u stems ampuo
- %{aäuyiØ%}:ä in participle endings anticipating PÄIVY or KOIRU type
%{ui%}:i in imperative before %{aä%}:
%{oöØ%}:0 Used in present participle
%{ijPRC%}:j participle
- %{lnrs%}:n e.g. in perfect participles
- %{dtlnr%}:d e.g. infinitive and Ind+Prs+Pl3
%^DEVOICE: 0
%^Pen: 0 pagisou paistah in combination with WGStem to trigger
%^D2Z: 0 ! The ti => zi
%^E2O: 0 the e => o, e => ö
%^Ä2I: 0 ä => i
%^ILoss: 0 the i => 0 reboi reboloi
_%^RVow: 0 _
Triggers dictating right context phenomena
- _%{back%}:0 _ back harmony until harmony boundary, i.e. word boundary
- _%{front%}:0 _ front harmony until harmony boundary, i.e. word boundary
Right context for gradation
Rules
%{aä%}:a
%{aä%}:ä
%{aäoeö%}:a
%{aäoeö%}:ä
%{aäoeö%}:o
%{aäoeö%}:e
%{aäoeö%}:ö
{aäoeöuiy%}:a
{aäoeöuiy%}:ä
{aäoeöuiy%}:o
{aäoeöuiy%}:e
{aäoeöuiy%}:ö
{aäoeöuiy%}:u
{aäoeöuiy%}:i
{aäoeöuiy%}:y
e:0
%{ui%}:u
* %{front%}:0 ! imperative forms * __kanda%{back%}%>kk%{ui%}%{aä%}mm%{oö%} __ * __kanda0%>kkuammo __
%{ui%}:i
* %{front%}:0 ! imperative forms * __lʼykkä%{front%}%^WGStem%>kk%{ui%}%{aä%}mm%{oö%} __ * __lʼyk0ä00%>kkiämmö __
A2:a
A2:u
A2:y
%{aäuyiØ%}:a
%{aäuyiØ%}:u
%{aäuyiØ%}:ä
%{aäuyiØ%}:y
%{aäuyiØ%}:i
%{aäuyiØ%}:0
a:u before subsequent a Diphthong a+a => ua
osta%>%{aä%} examples:
ostu%>%{aä%} examples:
ä:i before subsequent A2 Diphthong ä+ä => iä
kehittä%>%{aä%} examples:
kehitti%>ä examples:
o:u before subsequent o Diphthong o+o => uo erota: eruou
ero%>%{oö%}%>n examples:
eru0o%>n examples:
runo%>%{oö%} examples:
runu%>o examples:
jo%>vv%{aä%} examples:
ju%>vva examples:
ö:y before subsequent ö Diphthong ö+ö, ö+%{oö%}:ö => yö
sö%>ö%>y examples:
sy%>ö%>y examples:
pöllö%>ö examples:
pölly%>ö examples:
sö%>vvä examples:
sy%>vvä examples:
e:i before subsequent :e Diphthong o+o => uo erota: eruou
__valge%>e%^WGStem%>t examples:__ __valgi%>e00t examples:__ __hävi%>%{aäPar%}%>n examples:__ __hävi%>e0n examples:__ __tiedo%^WGStem%>n examples:__ __tiijo0%>n examples:__ * __väge%{front%}%^WGStem>n __ * __vä0i00%>n __ __luge>%{ijPRC%} examples:__ __lugi%>j examples:__
e:o Vowel harmony suffixes Back
__luge%^E2O%>u examples:__ __lugo%>u examples:__
e:ö Vowel harmony
käske%^E2O%>y examples:
käskö0%>y examples:
ä:y word final
ä:ö word final
a:0 in suaja:sai
* a _ (%{back%}:) %^RmVow: ; Vowel shortening before subsequent "i" __koira%^RmVow%>i%>en examples:__ __koir00%>i%>en examples:__ __koira0%>j%>en examples:__ __vahna%^RmVow%>in examples:__ __vahn00%>in examples:__ * __otta%{back%}%^WGStem%^RmVow%>in __ * __ot00000%>in __
iToj between vowels
%{ijPRC%}:i
* a _ (%{back%}:) %^RmVow: ; +ActPrsPrc
a:o in the plural and preterite
-
muama%{back%}%^A2O
- muamo00
a:e pidiä
kanda%^WGStem%^E1%>tt%{aäDiph%}s examples:
kanne00%>ttas examples:
kirjava%^E1%>m%^NONEb examples:
kirjave0%>m0b examples:
ä:e piettih and in comparatives pidiä
-
mečästä%{front%}%^E1%>tt%{aä%}s
- mečäste00%>ttäs
ä:0 pidiä:pidi
i:0 reboi:reboloi
-
rodi%^RmVow%>i%>h
- rod00%>i%>h
%{oö%}:oVowel harmony suffixes Back
%{oöØ%}:0Vowel harmony suffixes Back
%{oöØ%}:oVowel harmony suffixes Back
luge%>%{ijPRC%}%>%{oöØ%}%>i%>n examples:
lugi%>j%>o%>i%>s examples:
%{oöØ%}:öVowel harmony suffixes Front
%{uy%}:uVowel harmony suffixes Back
-
tul%>%{lnrs%}%{uy%}h
- tul%>luh
%{uy%}:yVowel harmony suffixes Front
Consonant change
g:j
* __poiga%^WGStem%>n __ * __poija0%>n __
g:v
-
joge%^WGStem%>n
- jove0%>n
g:l
-
sulga%^WGStem%>n
-
sulla0%>n
-
jalga%^A2O%>i%^WGStem%>s
-
jallo0%>i0%>s
-
sulga%^RmVow%>i%^WGStem%>n
- sull0%>i0%>n
g:r
__särge%^WGStem%>n examples:__ __särre0%>n examples:__ __kergi%^WGStem%>t%{aäPar%} examples:__ __kerri0%>tä examples:__
d:v
d:v <=> [ ö y: | o u: ] _ [ ä: | a ] (HarmDummy:) %^WGStem:0 ; u a _ o (%{back%}:) %^WGStem:0 ; a _ u (%{back%}:) %^WGStem:0 ; [ u o: | u: ] _ [ (%{back%}:) e | a: ] (%{back%}:) ((%^RmVow:) %> i ) %^WGStem:0 ; [ ä y: ] _ [(%{front%}:) e | y ] (%{front%}:) ((%^RmVow:) %> i ) %^WGStem:0 ; * __täydy%{front%}%^WGStem __ * __tävvy00 __
v:y
-
maido%^WGStem%>n
-
maijo0%>n
-
tiedo%^WGStem%>n
-
tiijo0%>n
-
tiedä%^WGStem%>n
- tiijä0%>n
y:v
täydy%^WGStem examples:
tävvy0 examples:
u:v
-
juoda%{back%}%^RmVow%>i%^WGStem%>l
-
juod000%>i0%>l
o:v Lengthening with Ut:vv weakening
d:z
-
vuod%^D2Z%>i
-
vuoz0%>i
-
tunde%^RmVow%>i
- tunz00%>i
d:t in partitive
pagis%>d%{aä%}%^WGStemh examples:
pa0is%>ta0h examples:
s:z
* s:z <=> _ (HarmDummy:) %^VOICE:0 ; pestä: pezen
k:g pestä: peskäh
rd:rr weakening
ld:ll weakening
nd:nn weakening
kanda%^WGStem%^E1%>tt%{aä%}s examples:
kanne00%>ttas examples:
rn:rr in prtprc
ln:ll in prtprc
-
tul%>%{lnrs%}%{uy%}h
- tul%>luh
sn:ss in prtprc
%{dtlnr%}:d
%{dtlnr%}:t
%{dtlnr%}:l
-
tul%{back%}%>%{dtlnr%}%{aä%}
-
tul0%>la
-
kuvittel%{back%}%^WGStem%>%{dtlnr%}%{aä%}
- kuvi0tel00%>la
%{dtlnr%}:n
%{dtlnr%}:r
CONSONANT LOSS
čToZero
* s:z <=> _ (HarmDummy:) %^VOICE:0 ; suvaija:suvaičen
kToZero aika: ajan
* __lʼykkä%{front%}%^WGStem%>t%{AÄ%} __ * __lʼy0kä00%>tä __ * __abuniekka%{back%}%^A2O%>i%>l __ * __abunie0ko00%>i%>l __ * __liikkeh%{front%}%^WGStem __ * __lii0keh00 __
gToZero aika: ajan
-
väge%{front%}%^WGStem>n
-
vä0i00%>n
-
pagis%{back%}%^Pen%^WGStem%>%{dtlnr%}%{aä%}h
- pa0is000%>tah
tavoitteh%^WGStem examples:
tavoi0teh0 examples:
-
kuul%>t%{aä%}%^WGStem
- kuul%>la0
b:v
b:v
b:m <=> m _ [ a | i ] (HarmDummy:) %^WGStem:0 ;
p:0 in lapsi
-
kuoppa%{back%}%^WGStem%^RmVow%>i%>l
- kuo0p0000%>i%>l
Consonant loss
pidä%^WGStem%>n examples:
pi0ä0%>n examples:
s:0
bussa%^WGStem%>l examples:
bu0sa0%>l examples: