mrj-phon-phonology
Hill Mari twol file
Alphabet, Sets and Definitions
Letters of the alphabet
- а б в г д е ё ж з и й к л м н ҥ о ӧ п р с т у ӱ ф х ц ч ш щ ъ ы ь э ю я ӓ ӹ
- А Б В Г Д Е Ё Ж З И Й К Л М Н Ҥ О Ӧ П Р С Т У Ӱ Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я Ӓ Ӹ
Archiphonemes for vowels
- %{аӓ%}:ӓ a/ä alternation in vowel harmony
- Е3: е ӓвӓмвлӓ
- Е2: 0
- %{ыӹØ%}:0
- %{ыӹØ%}:0 used in verb affix onset
- %{ыӹØ%}:0 used in noun affix onset ine, ill
- %{ыӹØ%}:0 used in verb affix onset
- %{ыӹ%}:0
- А2: а
- Ь2: 0 except with V АМ +Prt1+Sg1-3
Triggers
- %{front%}:0 %{back%}:0 front-back vowel harmony
- %^ConsTransf: 0
- %^KIN: 0 with ӓвӓ in +PxSg1+Sg+Gen etc.
- %^А2ЫӸ: 0 with карта and картын витринӹн
Boundary symbols
- %>
- hash #
- %-
Sets
Definitions
Rules
Palatalisation
Palatal mark loss before vowel
й Deletion in front of я Suffix and others
кай%>%{аӓ%}ш examples:
ка00яш examples:
Ь2:ь Palatal mark for V АМ +Prt1+Sg1
-
тол%{back%}Ь2%>%{ыӹØ%}м
- тол0ь%>ым
Ь2:0 Palatal mark for V АМ +Prt1+Sg1
Ь2:ш Palatal mark for V ЕМ +Prt1+Sg1
Vowel rules
Onset vowel in ӓ
Onset vowel in я
Onset vowel in е
Onset vowel loss in suffix ыӹ0
Onset vowel loss in suffix Е3
Onset vowel loss in suffix Е3
Onset vowel Е2 realized in suffix :е
Onset vowel Е2:э after retained vowel
Onset vowel Е3:э after retained vowel
Onset vowel е:э after retained vowel
Stem final ы loss before Е2
-
карта%>ы%>ын
- карт0%>ы%>0н
Stem final ӹ loss before Е2
-
бирка%{front%}%>ӹ%>ӹн
- бирк00%>ӹ%>0н
Vowel harmony
Onset vowel ыӹ0 realized in suffix %{ыӹØ%}:ы
Onset vowel %{ыӹØ%} realized in suffix %{ыӹØ%}:ӹ
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:ӹ
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:ы
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:е
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:э
Onset vowel %{ыӹэ%} realized in Ine and Ill suffixes %{ыӹэ%}:0
комбы%>%{ыӹэ%}штем examples:
комбы00штем examples:
Onset vowel %{ыӹэ%} realized in Ine and Ill suffixes %{ыӹэ%}:0
олма%>%{ыӹэ%}штем examples:
олма0эштем examples:
Affix mid or final front %{аӓ%}:ӓ
комбы%>еш%>н%{аӓ%} examples:
комб00еш0нӓ examples:
- ӹштӹ%{front%}%>%{аӓ%}
библиотека%{front%}%^А2ЫӸ%>л%{аӓ%}н examples:
библиотекӹ00%>лӓн examples:
Affix mid or final back %{аӓ%}:а
-
тол%{back%}%>%{ыӹе%}н%{аӓ%}
- тол0%>ына
колт%>%{ыӹØ%}д%{аӓ%} examples:
колт0ыда examples:
яд%{back%}%>%{аӓ%}ш examples:
яд0%>аш examples:
Affix mid or final back %{аӓ%}:я
кай%>%{аӓ%}ш examples:
ка0%>яш examples:
Affix initial back а:я
Not SgNom а:ы
Not SgNom а:ӹ
suffix-final vowel backed %{ыӹ%}ы
suffix-final vowel fronted %{ыӹ%}:ӹ
Consonant loss or transformation
т:0 in am type verbs лӓктӓш: лӓкнӓ
к:0 in am type verbs качкаш: качна
з:ц in am type verbs вазаш: вацна
н:0 before з:ц in am type verbs негӹнзӓш: негӹц
Vowel again
Vowel gain
0:ӹ between ш _ ж йиш: йишӹжӹ
Vowel loss
Not SgNom for lat а:0
Not SgNom for lat е:0
-
варенье%>ӹ%>влӓ
- варень0%>ӹ%>влӓ
Devoicing
DISALLOW