phonology-morphology
The Võro morphophonological/twolc rules file
Special letters
-
u̬ u plus U+032C COMBINING CARON BELOW
-
U̬ u plus U+032C COMBINING CARON BELOW
-
ü̬ ü plus U+032C COMBINING CARON BELOW
-
Ü̬ ü plus U+032C COMBINING CARON BELOW
-
i̬ i plus U+032C COMBINING CARON BELOW
-
I̬ i plus U+032C COMBINING CARON BELOW
-
õ̭ õ plus U+032D COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT BELOW
-
Õ̭ õ plus U+032D COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT BELOW
-
ˋ U+02CB MODIFIER LETTER GRAVE ACCENT other parts of stem
%{ˋØ%}:0 — U+02CB MODIFIER LETTER GRAVE ACCENT used in rules
ˋ:0 — U+02CB MODIFIER LETTER GRAVE ACCENT used outside of rules, this is temporary removal 2017-04-20
Vowel harmony with "(t)a/ä"
%{aä%}:0 — Vowel harmony with "(t)a/ä" AÄ1:a AÄ1:ä AÄ1:0 %{ae%}:a — Vowel harmony with "a/e/õ" passive tahetu %{aõ%}:a — Vowel harmony with "a/e/õ" passive sõidõtu %{äe%}:ä — Vowel harmony with "ä/e/õ" passive %{eõ%}:0 — Vowel harmony with "e/õ" %{uü%}:0 — Vowel harmony with "u/ü" %{öü%}:ö — Vowel raising %{ou%}:o — Vowel raising %{ei%}:e — Vowel raising %{õy%}:õ — Vowel raising %{ao%}:a — Vowel raising %{eØ%}:e — ütlemä:üt%{eØ%}l %{õØ%}:õ — ütlemä:üt%{eØ%}l %{Øõ%}:0 — juurdlõma:juur%{dØ%}%{0õ%}l %{dØ%}:d — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{dv%}:d — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{dn%}:d — HJK and KimmoK ideas lammas:lam%{bm%}a%{sØ%} %{dl%}:d — HJK and KimmoK ideas lammas:lam%{bm%}a%{sØ%} %{ij%}:i ellä%{ij%} %{gv%}:g — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{gl%}:g — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{gØ%}:g — HJK and KimmoK ideas argnõma:ar%{gØ%} %{uv%}:u — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{üv%}:ü — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{hØ%}:h — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{jØ%}:j — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{kØ%}:k — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{lØ%}:l — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{mØ%}:m — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{nØ%}:n — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{pØ%}:p — HJK and KimmoK ideas oppama:o%{pØ%}pama %{rØ%}:r — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{sØ%}:s — HJK and KimmoK ideas närväs:när%{bv%}ä%{sØ%} %{vØ%}:v — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{pØ%}:0 — häbü:häbü+N:hä%{pØ%}%{pbØ%}ü %{tØ%}:0 — koda:ko%{tØ%}%{tdØ%}a %{kØ%}:0 — nägo:nä%{kØ%}%{kgØ%}o %{bv%}:b — HJK and KimmoK ideas närväs:när%{bv%}ä%{sØ%} %{dr%}:d — HJK and KimmoK ideas parras:par%{dr%}a%{sØ%} %{bm%}:b — HJK and KimmoK ideas lammas:lam%{bm%}a%{sØ%} %{pb%}:p — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{pb%}:b — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{tØ%}:t — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{td%}:t — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{t́d́%}:t́ — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{kg%}:k — HJK and KimmoK ideas kaigas:kai%{kg%}as %{pbØ%}:p — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{pbØ%}:b — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{pbØ%}:0 — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{pbv%}:p %{pbv%}:b %{pbv%}:v — tõbi: tõvõ tõpõ tõppõ %{tdØ%}:d — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{kgØ%}:k — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{kgØ%}:g — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{kgØ%}:0 — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{jiØ%}:i — HJK and KimmoK ideas vari:var%{jiØ%}o %{qmn%}:q — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{qn%}:q — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{dd́Ø%}:d %{dd́n%}:d %{dd́r%}:d %{dd́v%}:d %{dd́Ø%}:d %{gǵv%}:g %{gǵØ%}:g %{kḱg%}:k %{kḱg%}:ḱ %{kḱg%}:g %{kḱØ%}:k %{pṕb%}:p %{pṕb%}:ṕ %{pṕb%}:b %{tt́d%}:t %{tt́d%}:t́ %{tt́d%}:d %{tt́Ø%}:t täh%{tt́Ø%} %{pṕØ%}:p
Palatalization of consonants
%{bb́%}:b — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{dd́%}:d — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{ff́%}:f — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{gǵ%}:g — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{hh́%}:h — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{kḱ%}:k — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{lĺ%}:l — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{lĺ%}:ĺ — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{mḿ%}:m — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{nń%}:n — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{pṕ%}:p — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{rŕ%}:r — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{sś%}:s — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{tt́%}:t — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{vv́%}:v — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{zź%}:z — HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{dd́n%}:d
Miscellaneous other symbols
%{XV%}:0 — This is used for echoing the previous vowel %{XC%}:0 — This is used for lengthening a consonant %^I7:0 — This appears in stem vaoma:va%^I7o for vaio %^K7:0 — This appears in stem väemä:vä%^K7e for väkeq %^V7:0 — This appears in stem häömä:hä%^V7ö for hävvü %^T7:0 — This appears in stem kaoma:ka%^T7o for katoq %^Y7:õ — This appears for syna = s%^Y7na and is rendered as õ in the norm
Triggers
%^OO2Õ:0 — joo%^OO2Õ%>i:j0õ0%>i %^CC2C:0 — att%^CC2C%>m%{aä%} atma %^PSS:0 vowel in passive tahetu, sõidõtu, eletü %^ÄI2ÄÄ:0 — päiv%^ÄI2ÄÄ%>ä: päävä %{front%}:0 — front harmony %{back%}:0 — back harmony %^ErrorBack:0 — +Err/Orth+Clt:%>kinaq in front harmony context BHARM disallowance %{PrsSg1%}:0 — this helps with %{eõ%}:i̬
%{td%}:t HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{kg%}:k HJK and KimmoK ideas kaigas:kai%{kg%}as %{qmn%}:q HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{qn%}:q HJK and KimmoK ideas kana:ka%{nØ%}na %{XV%}:0 This is used for echoing the previous vowel %{XC%}:0 This is used for lengthening a consonant %^I7:0 This appears in stem vaoma:va%^I7o for vaio %^K7:0 This appears in stem väemä:vä%^K7e for väkeq %^V7:0 This appears in stem häömä:hä%^V7ö for hävvü %^T7:0 This appears in stem kaoma:ka%^T7o for katoq __%^Y7:õ __ This appears for syna = s%^Y7na and is rendered as õ in the norm
%^NoGrad:0 — This will be placed after a stem to break Gradation %^APOCH:0 — This causes apochope: puhksama vs puhastaq %^StrD2T:0 — This changes g,d,b => k,t,p %^G1:0 — This is used with %{pØ%} %{pbØ%} for 0 0, also t, k %^G2:0 — This is used with %{pØ%} %{pbØ%} for 0 b, also t, k %^G3:0 — This is used with %{pØ%} %{pbØ%} for 0 p, also t, k %^G4:0 — This is used with %{pØ%} %{pbØ%} for p p, also t, k %^WGStem:0 — This weakens "kipõń" to "kibõna", "ompel" to "ommel" %^StrGStem:0 — This strengthens "perädü" to "perätüt" %^XStrGStem:0 — This extra-strengthens "sõda" to "sõtta" %^Pen:0 — This moves us to penultimate coda %^PAL:0 — Palatalization %^NoPAL:0 — NoPalatalization %^PenWGStem:0 — This weakens "kipõń" to "kibõna" %^PenVowRM:0 — syncope tapõld : taplõma %^D2S:0 — The ti => si %^TS2S:0 — The -ts- => -s- %^I2J:0 — The i => j change %^PLPRT:0 — The a:o attested in Plural kana:kanno and prt %^VOWRaise:0 — Raises vowel %^VOWLower:0 — Lowers vowel %^XLowerVow:0 — Lowers vowel two levels %^VOWLowerDelab:0 — Lowers vowel and delabializes it %^XLowerVowDelab:0 — Lowers vowel two levels and delabializes it %^U2E:0 — lowers u:õ and ü:e delabializes and lowers %^U2A:0 — lowers u:a and ü:ä delabializes and lowers %^VowRM:0 — this will remove stem final vowel %^CnsRM:0 — this will remove stem final consonant tervüs:tervü
Onset consonant or word boundary
-
viska%^WGStem%>aq
-
vis0a0%>aq
-
füüsiga%^StrGStem%^VowRM%>i%>dõ
- füüsik000%>i%>dõ
Right context for gradation
Rules
VOWEL HARMONY
Vowel harmony suffixes Front
%{aä%}:ä
%{uü%}:u
%{uü%}:ü
%{eõ%}:õ
%{eõ%}:e
%{ae%}:e
-
tah%{tØ%}%{ae%}%^Pen%^WGStem%^PSS%>t%{uü%}
- tah0e000%>tu
%{aõ%}:õ
%{äe%}:e
VOWEL LOWERING
u:o
-
lugõ%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem%^VowRM%>i
- lo0000000%>i
ü:ö
-
pügä%^VOWLower%^WGStem%^VowRM%>e%>t
-
pö00000%>e%>t
-
süü%^VOWLower%^WGStem%>nüq
- söö00%>nüq
o2õ
-
joo%^OO2Õ%>i
-
jõ00%>i
-
aigo%^OO2Õ
- aigõ0
u2õ
-
laulu%^OO2Õ
- laulõ0
ö2e
-
söö%^OO2Õ%>i
- se00%>i
Delabializing o and ö
VOWEL RAISING
-
hä%^V70ö%^StrGStem%>i
- hävvü0%>0
PALATALIZATION
akaŕ+A+Sg+Nom
-
a%{kg%}a%{rŕ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^G2%^PAL
- akaŕ0000
asi+N+Sg+Gen:
-
a%{sś%}%{jiØ%}%^PAL%^VowRM%>%{aä%}
- aś000%>a
{dd́n}:d́ palatalization for 3-way
andma+V+Act+Ind+Prs+Sg3
-
an%{dd́n%}%{back%}%^PAL
- and́00
{dd́n}:n weaken 3-way
andma+V+Act+Ind+Prs+Sg1
-
an%{dd́n%}%{back%}%^WGStem%>%{aä%}
- ann00m%a
püüdmä+V+Act+Ind+Prs+Sg1
-
pü%{üv%}%{dd́v%}%{front%}%^WGStem%>%{aä%}
- püvv00%>ä
%{pṕb%}:p
-
loro%{pṕb%}%{back%}%^G2%>
- loroṕ00%>
%{tt́d%}:t
hainatama+V+Inf/mA
-
haina%{tt́d%}a%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%>m%{aä%}
- hainata000%>ma
%{kḱg%}:k
-
pisla%{kḱg%}%{back%}%^G2%>
- pislaḱ00%>
%{pṕb%}:ṕ
-
loro%{pṕb%}%{back%}%^G2%^PAL
- loroṕ000
%{tt́d%}:t́
%{kḱg%}:ḱ
-
pisla%{kḱg%}%{back%}%^G2%^PAL
- pislaḱ000
kõiḱ+Pron+Sg+Nom
-
kõi%{kØ%}%{kḱg%}%^CC2C%^PAL
- kõi0ḱ00
VOWEL CHANGE WITH PLURAL
e2i̬
-
keel%^VOWRaise%^PAL
-
ki̬i̬ĺ00
-
teg%{front%}%^WGStem%>e
- ti̬000%>i̬
tegemä+V+Act+Ind+Prs+Sg1: do
-
teg%^WGStem%>%{eõ%}
- ti̬00%>i̬
-
k%{ei%}%{ei%}l%^VOWRaise%^PAL
- ki̬i̬ĺ00
õ2õ̭
-
sõda%^WGStem
- sõ̭0a0
o2u̬
Vx%{ou%}:Vyo
-
h%{ou%}%{ou%}la%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^G1
- hoolas00000
Vx%{ou%}2Vyu̬
-
n%{ou%}%{ou%}l%^VOWRaise%^PAL
-
nu̬u̬ĺ
-
k%{ei%}%{ei%}r%{dØ%}%{eØ%}%{lĺ%}%{front%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^VowRM%>%{eõ%}%>m%{aä%}
- ki̬i̬rd0l00000%>e%>mä
i2e
-
pin0i%^StrGStem%^PLPRT
-
pinne00
-
kiil%^VOWLower%>e
-
keel0%>e
-
leib%^ÄI2ÄÄ%^WGStem%>ä
-
leev0%>ä
-
pi%{tdØ%}ä%{front%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem%^VowRM%{eõ%}%>t%{aä%}s
- pe0000000e%>täs
i:ä
-
päiv%^ÄI2ÄÄ%>ä
- pääv0%>ä
a2o
* __kan0a%^StrGStem%^PLPRT __ * __kanno00 __
{ao}o
* __ka%{nØ%}n%{ao%}%^G3%^PLPRT __ * __kanno00 __
VOWEL LOSS
-
saa%>i
-
sa0%>i
-
sõima0%^VowRM%>si
-
sõim0s0%>si
-
puhkas%^Pen%^VowRM%>a%>ma
-
puhk0s00%>a%>ma
-
sõ%{tØ%}%{tdØ%}a%^Pen%^G3%^VowRM%>o
- sõ0t0000%>o
ä:0
-
jää%^VOWRaise%^VowRM%>i
-
jä000%>i
-
elä%>et
-
el0%>et
-
tütär%^Pen%^VowRM%>e
- tüt0r0%>e
u:0
* __hirnu%{back%}%^Pen%^CC2C%^VowRM%>m%{aä%} __ * __hirn00000%>ma __ * __tervüs%^VowRM%^CnsRM%>i%>t __ * __terv0000%>i%>t __ juusk+N+Sg+Nom: ____ * __j%{ou%}%{ou%}s%{kØ%}u%^VOWRaise%^VowRM __ * __juusk000 __ * __kuu%^VowRM%>i%>d __ * __ku00%>i%>d __
ü:0
* __tüü%^VowRM%>hüq __ * __tü00%>hüq __ * __tervüs%^VowRM%^WGStem%>i%>t __ * __terv0000%>i%>t __
e:0
-
herne%{hØ%}%{front%}%^VowRM%^WGStem%>id%{eõ%}
- hern00000%>ide
o:0
-
joo%^VOWRaise%^VowRM%>vv%>aq
- ju000%>vv%>aq
Vx%{ou%}:0
-
joo%^VOWRaise%^VowRM%>vv%>aq
- ju000%>vv%>aq
Vx%{äe%}:0 Passive stem vowel
ö:0
i:0
-
hüdsi%^TS2S%^VowRM%>t
-
hü0s000%>t
-
aigo%^Pen%^WGStem
- a00o00
-
va%^I7o%^StrGStem%>i
-
vaio0%>0
-
hä%^V70ö%^StrGStem%>i
- hävvü0%>0
õ:0
-
tapõl%^Pen%^VowRMõ%>ma
-
tap0l0õ%>ma
-
kannõl%^StrGStem%^Pen%^VowRM%>õ
-
kand0l00%>õ
-
kogõr%^StrGStem%^Pen%^VowRM%>õ
-
kok0r00%>õ
-
hammõ%^WGStem%^VowRM%>ihe
- ham0000%>ihe
%{eØ%}: 0
%{õØ%}: 0
VOWEL LENGTHENING
%{XV%}:u
%{XV%}:ü
%{XV%}:o
-
taso%{back%}%-%{XV%}iq
- taso0%-oiq
%{XV%}:a
%{XV%}:ä
%{XV%}:õ
-
kan%{dn%}õ%{lĺ%}%^Pen%^VowRM%^NoPAL%>%{XV%}
- kand0l000%>õ
%{XV%}:e
-
käs%{kØ%}%{front%}%^WGStem%>%{eõ%}%-%{XV%}iq
- käs000%>e%-eiq
%{XV%}:i
i2j
-
asi%^I2J%>a
-
asj0%>a
-
elläi%^Pen%^WGStem%^I2J%>ä
- el0äj00%>ä
%{ij%}:j
%{jiØ%}:j
%{jiØ%}:0
-
va%{rŕ%}%{jiØ%}o%^Pen%^PAL%^Pen%^WGStem
- vaŕ0o0000
%{jØ%}:0
-
va%{rŕ%}%{jiØ%}o%^Pen%^PAL%^Pen%^WGStem
- vaŕ0o0000
u2v
-
juud%^WGStem%>a
- juvv0%>a
%{uv%}:v
-
ju%{uv%}%{dv%}%^WGStem%>a
-
juvv0%>a
-
jõ%{uv%}%{dd́v%}back%^WGStem%>i
- jõvv00%>i
%{üv%}:v
-
pü%{üv%}%{dd́v%}%^WGStem%>et
-
püvv0%>et
-
sü%{üv%}%{dv%}%^WGStem%>ä
- süvv0%>ä
%^I7:i
-
va%^I7o%^StrGStem%>i
- vaio0%>0
%^I7:i
-
hä%^V70ö%^StrGStem
- hävvü0
CONSONANT
-
pap%{pṕØ%}%{back%}%^G2%^PAL
- papṕ000
%{tt́Ø%}:t́
-
täh%{tt́Ø%}%{front%}%^StrGStem%^PAL
- täht́000
%{kḱØ%}:ḱ
SECONDARY CONSONANT LENGTHENING
%{pØ%}:p
* __hä%{pØ%}%{pbØ%}ü%^Pen%^XStrGStem __ * __häppü00 __ * __tõ%{pØ%}%{pbv%}%{back%}%^XStrGStem%>%{eõ%} __ * __tõpp00%>õ __ * __se%{pØ%}p%^StrGStem __ * __sepp0 __ * __nu%{pØ%}pu%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^StrGStem%^VowRM __ * __nupp0000000 __
%{tØ%}:t
-
sõ%{tØ%}da%^XStrGStem%^PLPRT
-
sõtto00
-
si%{tØ%}t%{front%}%^StrGStem
-
sitt00
-
ü%{tØ%}te%^Pen%^StrGStem
-
ütte00
-
mü%{tØ%}tü%{front%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^StrGStem%^VowRM
-
mütt0000000
-
sõ%{tØ%}%{tdØ%}a%^Pen%^G3
- sõtta00
%{Øk%}:k
-
ig0ä %^Pen%^XStrGStem
-
ikkä0
-
mak0õ%^StrGStem%^VowRM%>i%>dõ
-
makkõ00%>i%>dõ
-
mä%{Øk%}%{kgØ%}%{front%}%^XStrGStem%>%{eõ%}
- mäkk00%>e
%{XC%}:s
%{XC%}:l
%{XC%}:ĺ
%{XC%}:k
%{kḱ%}:ḱ
-
ka%{kØ%}%{kḱ%}u%^VowRM%^PAL
- kakḱ000
Consonant weakening
kToZero
-
puhkas%^WGStem%>taq
- puh0as0%>taq
-
ikkõ%{back%}%^Pen%^CC2C%^VowRM%>m%{aä%}
- ik000000%>ma
%{pṕØ%}:0
%{tt́Ø%}:0
%{kḱØ%}:0
-
j{ou}{ou}s{kḱØ}{back}^VOWLower^WGStem>{eõ}
-
joos0000>õ
-
*j{ou}{ou}s{kḱØ}{back}^VOWLower^WGStem>{eõ} (is not standard language)
- *joosk000>õ (is not standard language)
%{sØ%}:0
-
su%{sØ%}śo%^Pen%^WGStem
-
su0śo00
-
ham%{bm%}a%{sØ%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^StrGStem%^WGStem
- hamba000000
%{rØ%}:0
-
a%{rØ%}ro%^Pen%^G2
- a0ro00
%{nØ%}:0
-
su%{nØ%}ńo%^Pen%^WGStem
- su0ńo00
%{lØ%}:0
-
ta%{lØ%}lo%^Pen%^G2
- ta0lo00
%{mØ%}:0
-
su%{sØ%}śo%^Pen%^WGStem
- su0śo00
%{kØ%}:0
-
puhkas%^WGStem%>taq
-
puh0as0%>taq
-
nä%{td%}s%{kØ%}%{front%}%^G1%>%{aä%}
- näds000%>ä
-
i%{kØ%}kõ%{back%}%^Pen%^CC2C%^VowRM%>m%{aä%}
- i0k00000%>ma
kakma:
-
ka%{kØ%}%{kḱ%}u%{back%}%^Pen%^CC2C%^VowRM%>m%{aä%}
- ka0k00000%>ma
kõiḱ+Pron+Sg+Nom
-
kõi%{kØ%}%{kḱg%}%^CC2C%^PAL
-
kõi0ḱ00
-
ri%{kØ%}ka%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem
-
ri0kas00000
-
jõ%{kØ%}%{kgØ%}%{back%}%^G1%>%{eõ%}
- jõ0000%>õ
pToZero
-
tapp%{back%}%^CC2C%>m%{aä%}
- tap000%>ma
%{pØ%}:0
-
se%{pØ%}p%^WGStem
- se0p0
-
tap%{pØ%}%{back%}%^CC2C%>m%{aä%}
- tap000%>ma
XØToZero
-
a%{kg%}ra%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^G2%^WGStem
-
akra0000000
-
ve%{rØ%}rev%{front%}%^Pen%^WGStem%>%{aä%}
-
ve0rev000%>ä
-
e%{lØ%}lä%{ij%}%^Pen%^WGStem%^I2J%>ä
-
e0läj00%>ä
-
ha%{mØ%}mõ%{hØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^WGStem
- ha0mõh%{back%}%^Pen%^WGStem
XØToSelf
-
vi%{lØ%}lui%{back%}%^Pen%^G3
- villui000
kevväi+N+Sg+Gen: spring
-
ke%{vØ%}vä%{ij%}%^Pen%^WGStem%>ä
- ke0väj00%>ä
%{sØ%}:s
-
ra%{tØ%}ta%{sØ%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem%^StrGStem
- ra0tas00000
agras+A+Sg+Nom
-
a%{kg%}ra%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem%^StrGStem
- agras000000
%{hØ%}:h
-
ha%{mØ%}mõ%{hØ%}%^Pen%^WGStem
- ha0mõ0%>h
%{kØ%}:k
-
as%{kØ%}o%^Pen%^G2
- asko
%{pb%}:p
-
kau%{pb%}%{õØ%}%{lĺ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^StrGStem%^Pen%^VowRM%>%{eõ%}%>m%{aä%}
- kaup0l0000000%>õ%>ma
-
li%{pb%}õ%^Pen%^G2
- lipõ00
%{t́d́%}:d́
%{t́d́%}:t́
%{td%}:t
-
nä%{td%}s%{kØ%}%{front%}%^G2
-
nätsk00
-
hõr%{td%}so%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^StrGStem%^VowRM
- hõrts000000
%{kg%}:k
-
a%{kg%}a%{rŕ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^G2%^PAL
-
akaŕ0000
-
rän%{kg%}%{back%}%^G3
- ränk00
-
avali%{kØ%}%{kg%}%{back%}%^G2
- avali0k00
%{kg%}:g
-
apte%{kØ%}%{kḱg%}%^VOWLower%^G1
-
apte0g00%>i
-
a%{kg%}ra%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem
-
agras00000
-
hõl%{kg%}a%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^G2
-
hõlgas000
-
rän%{kg%}%{front%}%^G2%{aä%}
- räng00ä
nõkõś+N+Sg+Ill
-
nõ%{kg%}õ%{sś%}%^Pen%^WGStem%{XC%}%>õ%>he
- nõgõs00s%>õ%>he
-
a%{kg%}ra%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^WGStem
- agras000
%{td%}:d
kaotama+V+Act+Ind+Prs+Sg1:
-
kao%{td%}a%^Pen%^G2
- kaoda0
%{tt́d%}:d
-
kergü%{tt́d%}ä%^Pen%^WGStem
- kergüdä00
tToZero
-
hüdsi%^TS2S%^VowRM%>t
- hü0s000%>t
-
att%{back%}%^CC2C%>m%{aä%}
- at000%>ma
%{tØ%}:0
-
puh%{tØ%}a%{sØ%}%^Pen%^WGStem
-
puh0as
-
ra%{tØ%}ta%{sØ%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem%^StrGStem
- ra0tas0000
sõda+N+Sg+Gen:
-
sõ%{tØ%}%{tdØ%}a%^Pen%^G1
- sõ00a00
CONSONANT QUALITY CHANGE
%{pṕb%}:b
-
loro%{pṕb%}%^G2%>i
- lorob0%>i
%{pb%}:b
-
ha%{pb%}ra%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^WGStem%^StrGStem
- habras0000
-
ki%{pb%}õ%{nń%}%{back%}%^Pen%^WGStem%>%{aä%}
- kibõn000%>a
p2b
b20
%{pbØ%}:b
%{dr%}:r
-
mur%{dr%}õ%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem%>q
- murrõ00000%>q
%{dr%}:d
-
mur%{dr%}õ%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^StrGStem
- murdõ00000
%{tdØ%}:d
%{kgØ%}:g
-
jõ%{kØ%}%{kgØ%}%{back%}%^G2%>i
- jõ0g00%>i
%{pbv%}:b
-
tõ%{pØ%}%{pbv%}%{back%}%^G2i
- tõ0b00i
hammas
-
ham%{bm%}a%{sØ%}%^Pen%^WGStem
- hammas00
%{bm%}:m
-
ham%{bm%}a%{sØ%}%{back%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem%^StrGStem
- hammas0000
%{bm%}:b
-
ham%{bm%}a%{sØ%}%^Pen%^VOWRaise%^Pen%^G2%^WGStem
- hamba000000
%{bv%}:v
-
när%{bv%}ä%{sØ%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^WGStem
-
närväs0000
-
lei%{bv%}%^ÄI2ÄÄ%^G1%>ä
- leev0%>ä
%{dn%}:n
-
kan%{dn%}õ%{lĺ%}%^Pen%^WGStem%^PAL
- kannõĺ000
%{dl%}:l
-
tul%>%{dl%}aq%^Pen%^WGStem
-
tul%>laq00
-
kõnõl%>%{dl%}aq%^Pen%^WGStem
-
kõnõl%>laq00
-
val%{dl%}%{back%}%^G1%>n
- vall00%>n
%{dv%}:v
-
pü%{üv%}%{dv%}%^G1%>et
-
püvv0%>et
-
ju%{uv%}%{dv%}%^G1%>a
-
juvv0%>a
-
sü%{üv%}%{dv%}%^G1%>ä
- süvv0%>ä
dTot
-
käd%^StrD2T%>t
-
kät0%>t
-
hüdsi%^StrD2T%>l
- hütsi0%>l
dTos
tTos
tTod
-
kaota%^Pen%^WGStem
- kaoda0
There should always be a trigger
%{dn%}:d
-
kan%{dn%}õl%{back%}%^Pen%^G2%^Pen%^VowRM%>õ
- kand0l0000%>õ
j2i
{kḱg}:g
kõiḱ+Pron+Sg+Gen
-
kõi%{kØ%}%{kḱg%}%{back%}%^G1%>%{eõ%}
- kõi0g00%>õ
k2g
-
hõrak%^G1%>a
-
hõrag0%>a
-
*hõrak%^G1%>a (is not standard language)
-
*hõrak0%>a (is not standard language)
-
kisk%^G1%>%{uü%}%>t%{aä%}v
- kis0%>u%>tav
-
süküs%^Pen%^WGStem%>e
- sügüs0%>e
gTok
-
ig0ä%^XStrGStem
-
ikkä0
-
kogõr%^StrGStem%^Pen%^VowRM%>õ
- kok0r00%>õ
bTop
%{pbv%}:p
-
tõ%{pØ%}%{pbv%}%{back%}%^XStrGStem%>%{eõ%}
- tõpp00%>e
%{pbØ%}:p
%{tdØ%}:t
%{kgØ%}:k
-
mä%{kØ%}%{kgØ%}%{front%}%^G4%>%{eõ%}
- mäkk00%>e
STEM-FINAL CONSONANT LOSS
-
kirotus%^CnsRM%>isi
- kirotu00%>isi
usś+N+Sg+Par door
-
uss%^TS2S%>t
- us00%>t
-
vassi%{back%}%^CC2C%^I2%^PAL%>m%{aä%}
- vaś00000%>ma
%{bv%}:b
-
när%{bv%}ä%{sØ%}%^Pen%^VOWLower%^Pen%^StrGStem%^WGStem
- närbä000000
%{gØ%}:g
-
lii%{gØ%}%{back%}%^StrGStem
-
liig00
d20
-
hüdsi%^TS2S%^VowRM%>te
- hü0s000%>te
%{dØ%}:0
g20
-
särg%^WGStem%>#
-
sär0e0%>0
-
aig%^WGStem%>o
-
a000%>o
-
igä%^Pen%^WGStem
-
i0ä00
-
lugõ%^Pen%^WGStem%^Õ2E%>t
-
lo0e000%>t
-
arg%{back%}%{eõ%}%^Pen%^WGStemd%{aä%}q
- ar00õ00daq
%{gØ%}:0
-
sär%{gØ%}%^WGStem%>e
-
sär00%>e
-
aig%^WGStem%>o
-
a000%>o
-
i%{kgØ%}ä%^Pen%^WGStem
-
i0ä00
-
lu%{kgØ%}õ%^Pen%^WGStem%^Õ2E%>t
-
lo0e000%>t
-
arg%{back%}%{eõ%}%^Pen%^WGStemd%{aä%}q
- ar00õ00daq
-
palgõ%^WGStem%>h
- pal0õ0%>h
%{pbv%}:v
-
tõ%{pØ%}%{pbv%}%{back%}%^G1%>%{eõ%}
- tõ0v00%>õ
%{pbØ%}:0
%{tdØ%}:0
-
hüdsi%^TS2S%^VowRM%>te
- hü0s000%>te
%{kgØ%}:0
-
mä%{kØ%}%{kgØ%}%{front%}%^G1%>%{eõ%}
- mä0000%>e
-
u%{jØ%}jo%{back%}%^Pen%^WGStem%>m%{aä%}
- u0jo000%>ma
püüdmä+V+Act+Ind+Prs+Sg3
-
pü%{üv%}%{dd́v%}%{front%}%^PAL
- püüd́00
pereq
-
pe%{rØ%}re%^WGStem%>h
- pe0re0%>h
naŕma
-
na%{rØ%}%{rŕ%}%{back%}%^CC2C%^PAL%>m%{aä%}
- na0r000%>ma
Other marks
-
ki%{pb%}õ%{nń%}%>a
- kipõn%>a
Disallow %^ErrorBack:0 in BHARM
Disallow %^ErrorBack:0 in BHARM